This is the grandaddy of all quantum computer tech. Back in 1962, Cambridge physicist Brian Josephson showed that putting a small gap into a strip of superconductor – a material that has zero resistance to the flow of electricity at low temperatures – has a surprising effect. For example, superconducting loops incorporating such a "Josephson junction" let current flow clockwise and anticlockwise simultaneously. That's a superposition of states – just what you need for a qubit.
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Quantum computer buyers' guide: Hardware
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